The 17th and 18th centuries were a time of great political change in Research Paper

The 17th and 18th centuries were a time of great political change in Europe - enquiry Paper ExampleTo begin with, Hobbes being a scholar, his main aim was to place politics on a scientific grip, hence employing a unappeasable logical method to his work. In contrast, Machiavelli having worked as one of the civil servants of Florentine Republic drew his conclusions, after observing how heap behaved instead of how they should behave in an intangible and hypothetical world2. It is this methodology difference, which leads to differing political views of these two authors.Hobbes, writing Leviathan immediately after the end of civil war and unfruitful tries at republicanism in Europe, held little estimation of the nature of human beings that Machiavelli. According to Hobbes, if two individuals have desire of a certain thing, which they cannot enjoy at the same time, then they become enemies3. Hobbes argued that, people living in such state were continuously at war, and they could not dif ferentiate between right and wrong. The two lived a life that was poor, solitary, short, brutish, and nasty. Resulting from his reductionist methodology, winning societal analysis to a position of human nature, he made his conclusion with a main realist assumption (anarchy). In such a state, each individual has his or her natural right for protection against injury or harm4. Therefore, Hobbess arguments purports that there must be fundamental laws to avoid the state of war. On contrary, Machiavelli does not reflect a theoretical state of nature like Hobbes. However, Machiavelli argues, there is no secret hand, which brings human activities into natural harmony.Another actor differentiating these two political theorists is their diverging views about governance. According to Hobbes, it was the speculation on how a society functions without set rules. Hobbes felt that individuals would simply be doing things according to their feature interests. Regarding how people should act, Ho bbes makes